LESSON XIII

• Seven Stems in the Perfect

• Simple

• Qal - lexical form; active

• Niphal - prefix : in ;passive

• Intensive

• Piel - hireq in the 1^st syllable and a dagesh forte in the middle consonant; active

• Pual - qibbus in the 1^st syllable and a dagesh forte in the middle consonant; passive

• Hithpael - prefix  :tih ; reflexive

• Causative

• Hiphil - prefix : ih ; note the hireq yod occurs in the middle consonant

• Hophal - prefix : fh ; note the qames hatuph occurs in the first consonant

• Interrogative Sentences

• There is no question mark in Hebrew. To indicate a simple question an interrgative h is prefixed to the first word of a sentence

• Before non-gutturals supported by a full vowel  Ah is prefixed

• Before gutturals by a full vowel (other than qames or qames hatuf) ah is prefixed

• Before gutturals supported by either a qames or a qames hatuf  eh is prefixed

• Before all consonants supported by a vocal sheva, whether simple or compound ah is prefixed

• There are also interrogative pronouns

• yim = who?

• hfm = what?
• hfm often appears with a maqqef and acts like the definite article. -ham or -hfm or -hem   (see the rules for the definite article)

• Numerals

Cardinals

Ordinals

VOCABULARY