LESSON XXII
Weak Verbs: Their
Classification l(p paradigm
| bazf( |
Pe Guttural (I-Guttural) |
| qa(fz |
'Ayin Guttural (II-Guttural) |
| (amf$ |
Lamed Guttural (III-Guttural) |
| dabf) |
Pe 'Alef (I- 'Alef) |
| )fcfm |
Lamed 'Alef (III- 'Alef) |
| hfnfP |
Lamed He (III- He) |
| }atfn |
Pe Nun (I- Nun) |
| {Uq , }yiB |
'Ayin Vav/'Ayin Yod (II-
Vav/II- Yod) - hollow verb |
| dalfy |
Pe Vav/Pe Yod (I- Vav/I- Yod) |
| dadfm |
Double 'Ayin (Geminate Verbs) |
- Characteristics of Gutturals ) h x ( r
- Gutturals cannot be double (they refuse the dagesh forte,
compensatory lengthening usually occurs).
- Patah is lengthened to Qames ( a
to f
)
- Hireq is lengthened to Sere ( i
to "
)
- Qibbus is lengthened to Holem ( u
to o
)
- Gutturals usually take "a" class vowels
- Gutturals usually take compound shevas rather than simple
shevas
- Pe Gutturals verbs - one whose initial consonant is either h , x , ( , or r . A verb whose
initial consonant is ) may also belong to the Pe Guttual class, or it may differ so
widely from other verbs of this class that it must be assigned to a class all its own, the
Pe 'Alef class.
- A Pe Guttural (1st root letter) refuses the
dagesh forte:
- this will effect the nifal stem
| imperfect (e.g. - 3ms) |
l"$fMiy |
becomes |
d"mf("y |
| imperative (e.g. - 3ms) |
l"$fMih |
becomes |
d"mf("h |
| infinitive construct (e.g. - 3ms) |
l"$fMih |
becomes |
d"mf("h |
- A Pe Guttural perfers compound shevas e.g. - {eT:damA(
- A prefix vowel takes the corresponding short vowel e.g. -
domA(ay in the nifal, hifil, and hofal.
- When there are two vocal shevas, the Pe Guttural will
revert to the full short vowel.
- Forms with vowel afformatives - e.g. - yir:m:$it becomes yid:ma(aT
- Hatef-Patah becomes Patah ( A
to a
)
- Hatef-Segol becomes Segol ( E
to e )
- Hatef-Qames becomes Qames-Hatuf ( F to f )
- There are no changes in the intensives in the Piel, Pual,
or Hithpael.
- You may find these
charts helpful later.
VOCABULARY
| zaxf) |
he seized, took possession;
(Nif) He was caught |
| banfG |
he stole |
| |apfh |
he overturned, changed, (Nif)
he was changed, overthrown |
| sarfh |
he broke down, destroyed |
| ragfx |
he bound, girded |
| [$dx] |
(Pi) he renewed, repaired |
| j"pfx |
he took delight in, desired |
| |arf( |
he arranged, set in order |
| zf) |
then |
| |a) |
surely, only |
| hfnUmE) |
(F) faithfulness, fidelity |
| r"):B |
(F) well |
| rOk:B |
first-born, oldest |
| $ab:R |
honey |
| qox |
(F) statute |
| }O$fl |
tongue |
| tewfm |
death |
| ax"B:zim |
altar, place of sacrifice |
|
