LESSON XV
- The Imperfect state is an incomplete action or
state of being - use "future" to translate (while learning)
- Imperfect uses preformatives (prefixes) a form before the
root and in some cases afformatives (suffixes)
- Note: the forms of 3fs and 2ms are the
same, so are 3fp and 2fp; context must dictate translation.
The Prefixes and Suffixes of the Qal
Imperfect
| 3 ms |
XoXX iy |
3mp |
U XXX iy |
| 3 fs |
XoXX iT |
3 fp |
hfn XoXX iT |
| 2 ms |
XoXX iT |
2 mp |
U XXX iT |
| 2 fs |
yi XXX iT |
2 fp |
hfn XoXX iT |
| 1 cs |
XoXX e) |
1 cp |
XoXX in |
- One of the most common uses of the imperfect is to describe
a simple action in the future.
- A second use of the imperfect is to express repeated,
habitual, or customary actions, whether in the past, present, or future. This is sometimes
referred to as the frequentative use of the imperfect.
- Jussive and the Cohortative
- Expresses a desire or a wish in the imperfect -- translate:
please, let us, may I, etc.
- Jussive - is 3p plural or singular (determined by context)
- Cohortative - is 1p plural or singular (note cohortative hf suffix)
Qal Imperfect
| CASE |
TRANSLATION |
FORM |
| 3 ms |
he will kill |
lo+:qiy |
| 3 fs |
she will kill |
lo+:qiT |
| 2 ms |
you will kill |
lo+:qiT |
| 2 fs |
you will kill |
yilo+:qiT |
| 1 cs |
I will kill |
lo+:qe) |
| 3 mp |
they will kill |
Ulo:+:qiy |
| 3 fp |
they will kill |
hfn:lo+:qiT |
| 2 mp |
you all will kill |
Ulo:+:qiT |
| 2 fp |
you all will kill |
hfn:lo+:qiT |
| 1 cp |
we will kill |
lo+:qin |
VOCABULARY
| liya) |
ram |
| )OB |
to come, go |
| rakfz |
he remembered |
| hfyfx |
he lived, revived |
| la$fm |
he ruled |
| debe( |
servant, slave |
| rabf( |
he passed over, through |
| {flO( |
eternity |
| {Uq |
to arise, stand |
| hfpf& |
lip, speech, edge |
| la)f$ |
he asked |
| rabf$ |
he broke in pieces |
| bU$ |
to turn, return, to repent |
| rfpO$ |
ram's horn, trumpet |
| xakf$ |
he forgot |
| +apf$ |
he judged, delivered |
| dyimfT |
continuously |
| hfLip:T |
prayer |
|
