LESSON III
- The maqqef (-) is a short horizontal stroke used to join
together two or more words.
- When the maqqef is used and the first word has a long vowel
it becomes short.
- Most of the occurrences of the maqqef will be with
monosyllabic words.
- t")- this
is a grammatical marker to show the person or thing which the action of a verb is
performed.
- Typically
t") is joined with a - and the vowel becomes shortened, thus te).
- The function of the dagesh forte is to double the letter.
- To know the difference between the dagesh lene and the
dagesh forte:
- The dagesh lene hardens the sound in a BeGad KeFat letter.
The dagesh lene is NEVER preceded by a vowel.
- The dagesh forte doubles the letter (ANY letter except
gutturals) and is ALWAYS preceded by a vowel.
- Examples:
tyir:B the dagesh here is a dagesh lene.
- rfBfD the
first dagesh here is a dagesh lene and the second is a dagesh forte.
- Vocal sheva (is transliterated and pronounced)
- If it begins a syllable or word -- an example: tyir:B
- A sheva that stands beneath a double consonant (one that
has a dagesh forte) will always be vocal.
- Silent sheva (is not transliterated and is not pronounced)
- If it ends a syllable (it is called a syllable divider) --
an example: rom:$iy
- When two shevas stand under adjacent consonants within a
word, the first will always be silent and the second will be vocal.
- Note that in \ normally has a silent sheva | .
VOCABULARY
| bf) |
father, ancestor |
| xf) |
brother |
| tOxf) |
sister |
| $yi) |
man |
| hf<i) |
woman |
| {") |
mother |
| {fdf) |
man, humankind |
| {yiholE) |
God |
| }"B |
son |
| taB |
daughter |
| l")fr:&iy |
Israel |
| b"l |
heart |
| ryi( |
city |
| vO( |
bird |
| {a( |
people |
| lOq |
voice |
| $)or |
head |
| {"$ |
name |
|
